Multimodal Nanoscale Characterisation of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase
Rechargeable batteries are essential to the transition to net-zero emissions, yet their performance and lifetime are governed by one of the least understood components of the cell: the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI)1.
This project aims to unravel the structure, composition, and evolution of the SEI using cutting-edge electron and X-ray techniques, with metallic lithium as a model system.
The student will develop advanced sample-preparation methods to isolate the SEI material and deposit it onto specialised TEM grids for identical-location multimodal analysis2. Key approaches will include scanning nanobeam electron diffraction (NBED) at ePSIC and nano X-ray diffraction (n-XRD) and nanoscale laminography at Diamond Light Source beamline I14. Additional measurements using XRF, XAS, and EXAFS will provide complementary chemical information. A major focus of the PhD will be the integration of datasets spanning multiple length scales, combining structural, chemical, and spatial information into a coherent picture of the SEI.
This project is funded through a 3.5-year studentship in partnership between the Department of Materials and Diamond Light Source. It will provide course fees at the 'Home Student' rate and a stipend of at least £20,780 per annum.
Eligibility is restricted to applicants with Home fee status due to the funding restrictions. Information on course fees and fee status can be found at https://www.ox.ac.uk/admissions/graduate/fees-and-funding/fees-and-other-charges
References
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Jagger & Pasta. Solid electrolyte interphases in lithium metal batteries. Joule 7, 2228–2244 (2023).
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Olbrich, Pasta et al. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigation of the SEI formed on lithium metal anodes. ACS Electrochem. (2025)
Virtual annular dark-field image of a plated lithium metal filament measured with 4D-STEM (a), and map of main crystalline phase detected in each pixel of the sample (b).
